Following the announcement of the imposition of a 17.09% tariff on Mexican tomato exports by the United States, Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum said that next week she will announce a series of measures within the framework of  Plan Mexico to support the country’s tomato sector, although she did not provide details of the actions that would be carried out.

“We’re going to offer different options to tomato producers in our country and continue fighting in the United States. If an agreement isn’t reached by August 1, we’ll be announcing other actions,” he emphasized during Tuesday’s morning press conference.

Despite the measure announced the day before by the United States regarding Mexican tomatoes, he assured that bilateral working groups will continue until August 1 , with the goal of reaching a tariff agreement that benefits both countries.

Sheinbaum rejected the reactivation of the 17.09% compensatory quota on Mexican tomato imports after the U.S. Department of Commerce withdrew from the Antidumping Investigation Suspension Agreement on Fresh Tomatoes from Mexico .

He recalled that such measures had already been attempted in 2019, but were reversed after four months of negotiations.

For the Mexican government, this is a “political decision” that will affect American consumers. Sheinbaum also considered Florida producers to be the ones behind the measure.

“The largest production there is in Florida, and it’s primarily those producers who have been seeking to impose tariffs on Mexican tomatoes,” he explained.

Despite this, he assured that Mexican tomatoes will continue to be exported to the United States “even with the tariff, because there is no substitute.” He indicated that Julio Berdegué, head of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Sader) , will meet today with U.S. authorities to discuss the issue.

According to the  General Directorate of the Agri-Food and Fisheries Information Service (DGSIAP) , of Sader, in 2024 tomato exports totaled 1.88 million tons, for a value of two billion 370 million dollars (mdd) , of which 98% were sent to the northern neighbor, that is, 1.87 million tons.

In response to this decision, the National Agricultural Council (CNA) considered that the United States’ decision represents a setback in North American integration and jeopardizes the region’s food security. It therefore called for dialogue and cooperation between the two countries.

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Given this scenario, Alfredo Careaga , Director of Business Development at  THB Mexico , believes that this is not a minor issue, although the spotlight will be on other tariff issues such as those applied to steel and aluminum, and the automotive industry.

The specialist pointed out that the tax that the United States seeks to impose on tomatoes, arguing that Mexican producers are dumping (exporting products at a lower price than they are sold in the domestic market), would cause an 11% increase for American consumers , who would have to pay since this fruit is used in various preparations.

“The US consumer isn’t going to stop buying tomatoes. They’re used in many things, such as ketchup and pizza sauce, pasta, and salads, making them a staple product,” Careaga said in an interview with T21 .

Mexico has a significant tomato production capacity, which is the country’s second-largest agricultural export, behind only avocados. The United States is the main destination for this Mexican fruit.

In 2024 alone, tomato exports totaled  1.88 million tons, worth two billion 370 million dollars (mdd) , of which  98% were sent to the northern neighbor, that is, 1.87 million tons , according to the General Directorate of the Agri-Food and Fisheries Information Service (DGSIAP) , of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Sader) .

“Tomato producers have two options: send the full amount and see how the U.S. market behaves to see if it’s actually consumed, or reduce their export capacity, the quantity, the amount of tomatoes they export, and sell them locally, which could help to some extent with inflationary pressures here in Mexico,” he explained.

Tomatoes are one of the products that have contributed to the rise in inflation in the first months of 2025. Last April alone, this fruit saw a 22.08% increase in price, and in May it registered a 10.03% increase , according to figures from the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) .

The executive estimated that the same thing will likely happen with tomatoes as with other tariffs imposed by the United States. It has been observed that wholesalers in that country “ordered a year’s supply of the goods they needed to import them before the tariffs were imposed, and at least that way they would have supplies for a long time, while they saw how this issue would work.”

However, he indicated that it is important to understand that the tomatoes Mexico exports are typically for the winter months, and what they need in the summer can be produced locally in the United States.

“I understand that Florida is one of the states that primarily produces tomatoes in the United States, and it’s also where a lot of the pressure to lift this 1996 “Tomato Suspension Agreement between Mexico and the United States” comes from . So, the dynamic will be interesting, because they’re going to have to buy tomatoes in the summer that they’re going to use in the winter. In the end, tomatoes are a perishable good, and how they’re going to be stored would have to be considered,” he explained.

Careaga explained that since 1996, Mexican tomato exports to the United States have been regulated by the suspension agreement, a mechanism that ended an investigation into alleged dumping and allowed for the generation of guaranteed minimum prices .

It is worth remembering that Florida producers have accused their Mexican counterparts of unfair competition, which is why the United States Department of Commerce announced on April 14 the termination of the agreement reached in 2019 with Mexican tomato producers that allowed the entry of this product from Mexico to the United States, for which it would apply a compensatory quota of 20.91% that would come into effect on July 14 .

Mexican tomato, no substitute in the US

According to the GCMA, with more than 3.6 million tons annually, Mexico is the world’s eighth-largest tomato producer, and “the possible imposition of a tariff would not only distort the rules of bilateral trade, but would also contravene the principles of openness and cooperation stipulated in the Agreement between Mexico, the United States and Canada (T-MEC) , as well as the framework of the World Trade Organization (WTO) . “

In response to the potential tariff measure, Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum insisted that the suspension agreement must be ratified, since Mexican tomatoes have no substitute in the U.S. market due to the quality and quantity shipped to Mexico’s northern neighbor.

“There has been a lot of work done with the United States government, and tomato growers’ associations from different parts of the country, particularly Sinaloa, have been in contact,” he said at the morning press conference on July 10.

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In response to the U.S. Department of Commerce ‘s announcement that it will impose 20.91% tariffs on Mexican tomato imports, Julio Berdegué , head of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Sader) , indicated that the Mexican government will seek dialogue with U.S. authorities to prevent this measure.

“We’re going to start talking, we’re going to start a dialogue, as the president (Claudia Sheinbaum) has always said. We’re seeking dialogue, and we’ll see how this ends,” he explained.

At Tuesday’s morning press conference, the federal official noted that there are two active cases in the country against chicken and pork leg from the United States.

“Mexico has two long-standing active investigations: one against U.S. chicken; that measure is pending and ready to be implemented; and another against pork leg,” he emphasized.

He explained that the northern neighbor’s measure stems from a decades-long conflict with producers in Florida and other states who accuse Mexicans of dumping practices by offering tomatoes at a lower price.

“For decades, Florida growers have accused us, in our opinion, without reason, that Mexican growers sell their tomatoes in the United States below cost, which is not true,” he added.

He clarified that the tariff announced the day before has no relation to the reciprocal tariffs imposed by US President Donald Trump , which are currently paused for 90 days.

” Ninety percent of the tomatoes the United States imports from around the world come from Mexico, and six out of every 10 tomatoes consumed in the United States are Mexican, so the cost of salads and ketchup will increase,” the federal official said.

According to the  Mexican Government  ‘s  Agri-Food and Fisheries Information Service (SIAP) , in 2024 alone, tomato exports totaled  1.8 million tons , 98% of which  were sent to the United States.

“They can’t replace us, because there aren’t many other countries that produce this quantity of excellent tomatoes at a reasonable price,” the Secretary of Agriculture pointed out.

The new measure will affect Mexican tomato producers and U.S. consumers, according to the Agricultural Market Consulting Group (GCMA) , as this decision “distorts” agricultural trade between the two countries. Furthermore, Mexican producers stand out in this market due to their high competitiveness in terms of logistics, costs, and quality.

The U.S. Department of Commerce announced the tariff on Mexican tomatoes the day before, which will go into effect on July 14 if authorities from both countries fail to reach an agreement.

If so, the new measure would be added to a series of tariffs already applied by the United States to Mexico, such as those on steel and aluminum imports, as well as the 25% tax on vehicles manufactured in the country.

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