In 2023, the production value of manufacturing industries in Mexico reached 10.78 trillion pesos , which represented a decrease of 2.1% compared to 2022, announced the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (Inegi) .

According to the Annual Survey of the Manufacturing Industry (EAIM) , the subsectors with the greatest decrease in that year were petroleum products with 26.6% , basic metal industries with 15.5% , wood with 9.9% , textile input manufacturing with 9.6% , and the chemical industry with 9.5 percent .

Meanwhile, the sectors with the greatest growth were printing and related industries with 9.4% , manufacturing of transport equipment with 5.5% , non-metallic mineral-based products with 4.5% , food industry with 2.9% and manufacturing of computer equipment with 2.8 percent .

According to the agency, net sales of products manufactured in the manufacturing industry sector in 2023 represented the main concept within the income from the supply of goods and services, contributing 90.7% , followed by income from maquila with 8.5% and other income from the supply of goods and services, with 0.8 percent .

The industries that represented the largest share of net sales of manufactured products in relation to income from the supply of goods and services were: petroleum products with 99.7%, beverage and tobacco industries with 99.2%, food with 98%, chemicals with 97.6%, and paper with 97.3 percent.

On the other hand, the subsectors with the highest share of maquila revenues compared to revenues from the supply of goods and services were the manufacturing of computer equipment with 71.3% and other manufacturing industries with 62 percent .

In turn, production machinery and equipment , as well as real estate , represented the most important fixed assets in the manufacturing industry sector; both accounted for more than 92% of the total for this item for the period 2021-2023.

The Annual Survey of the Manufacturing Industry showed negative annual variations in five of its main variables, where personnel employed and hours worked each decreased by 0.6% compared to 2022. The indicator of the value of manufactured products also showed the same behavior , with a decrease of 2.1% compared to 2022.

Expenditures on consumption of goods and services registered a decrease of 1.9% , and income from the supply of goods and services reported a fall of 1.6% over 2022. The only variable with growth was the value of total fixed assets , with an increase of 1.7 percent .

In the run-up to the review of the Treaty between Mexico, the United States and Canada (T-MEC) , which will take place in 2026, various indicators, some of which are part of this survey, will be part of the dialogue of the regional trade agreement, so it is important to monitor them, a task in which the Cuarto de Junto participates , which is a mechanism that will analyze specific aspects of the T-MEC, such as  market access and rules of origin , as well as the one referring to the labor issue , among others.

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Within the framework of the XIX Annual Convention of the Mexican Institute of Foreign Trade Executives (IMECE) , the specialist indicated that said mechanism offers technical information, and is made up of the business sector to work with the Ministry of Economy (SE) in the process of reviewing the trilateral trade agreement.

During his participation, he recalled that the SE requested to reactivate the Cuarto de Junto to prepare the preparatory work in said framework, and that it includes the integration of seven working groups; each of them will analyze specific aspects of the T-MEC, such as market access and rules of origin , and the one referring to the labor issue , among others.

He pointed out that the Cuarto de Junto has been in existence for more than 30 years and its objective is free trade agreements, so there are already previous experiences of other reviews and negotiations.

Judith Garza pointed out that in recent years, Mexico has become the main commercial partner of the United States , and added that since the war on the subject between the northern neighbor and China, our country has increased its participation with the United States, while the Asian nation has decreased it.

Meanwhile, at the analysis table Participation of the private industry in the T-MEC negotiating team (2026) , Fausto López , manager of International Treaties at Volkswagen of Mexico , recalled that the most challenging Joint Room was that of the T-MEC due to the threats from the United States to the Mexican automotive sector.

He said that what they are now seeking is to have an audit manual to avoid discrepancies and in the matter of electric vehicles they want a more flexible rule of origin. López considered that the success of the review of the T-MEC in 2026 will depend on the coordination of the Fourth Joint Committee with the government authority .

Humberto Jasso , Vice President of Foreign Trade of the National Agricultural Council (CNA) indicated that the importance of this mechanism is to “bring down” to a sector the issues that are inherent to it. In this sense, he gave as an example the structure of the Agro-Food Cuarto de Junto, which is headed by Juan Cortina Gallardo and has 30 subsectors, 50 productive chains and three allied organizations.

Ricardo Aranda, former general director of International Trade Disciplines at the SE and senior manager of government relations at the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry , said that he was present at the review of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) 2016-2017, and one of the aspects at that time was on the subject of labor rules, an issue that Mexico managed to fulfill with that commitment, which is why there has not been an “avalanche” of panels against our country.

In the review of the USMCA that will be carried out in 2026, it is necessary to be clear about the factors that affect each industry, he stressed and specified that it is important to have specific links so that they can make proposals on the issues that will be reviewed.

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